Introduction:
Scalp psoriasis is a common skin condition that causes red, itchy, and scaly patches to develop on the scalp. It is a chronic, autoimmune disease, meaning that it is caused by the body’s immune system attacking healthy skin cells. Though it can occur on any part of the body, about half of people with psoriasis will experience it on their scalp.
While it can be itchy and uncomfortable, scalp psoriasis is not contagious and there are a number of different treatment options available. If you think you might have scalp psoriasis, you should talk to your doctor.
Scalp Psoriasis Symptoms
The symptoms of scalp psoriasis can range from mild to severe. Mild cases of scalp psoriasis can cause only slight scaling, but more severe cases can cause thick, crusted plaques to develop. These plaques can cover the entire scalp. They can also extend to the forehead, the back of the neck, and behind the ears.
Common symptoms include:
- Red, itchy, and scaly patches on the scalp
- Silvery-white scales
- Dry scalp
- Dandruff
- Hair loss
What Causes Scalp Psoriasis?
Scalp psoriasis is caused by an overactive immune system. When the immune system malfunctions, it attacks healthy skin cells, causing them to grow too quickly. This rapid cell growth leads to the formation of plaques on the scalp.
The exact cause of this immune system malfunction is unknown, but researchers believe that both genetic and environmental factors play a role.
How to Treat Scalp Psoriasis
There is no cure for scalp psoriasis, but there are a number of treatments that can help manage the symptoms. The best treatment for you will depend on the severity of your condition. Treatment options include:
- Medicated shampoos: Medicated shampoos contain ingredients that help to slow down the growth of skin cells and reduce inflammation. Look for shampoos that contain ingredients like salicylic acid, coal tar, or zinc pyrithione.
- Topical medications: These medications are applied directly to the scalp and are available in creams, ointments, lotions, gels, foams, and sprays. Some topical medications contain steroids which work by reducing inflammation. Other topical medications work by slowing down the growth of skin cells.
- Light therapy: Light therapy, also called phototherapy, uses ultraviolet (UV) light to treat psoriasis. Light therapy can be done at a doctor’s office or at home with a special light unit.
- Oral or injected medications: In more severe cases, oral or injected medications may be necessary. These medications work by suppressing the immune system.
Living with Scalp Psoriasis
Even with treatment, scalp psoriasis can be a challenging condition to live with. It can be itchy and uncomfortable, and the visible plaques can be embarrassing. There are a number of things you can do to manage your condition and improve your quality of life.
- Manage stress: Stress can trigger psoriasis flares, so it is important to find healthy ways to manage stress. Exercise, yoga, and meditation are all great stress-relieving activities.
- Avoid scratching: Scratching can make the condition worse, so do your best to avoid scratching your scalp.
- Gentle hair care: Be gentle when washing and brushing your hair, to avoid irritating your scalp. Avoid harsh chemicals and styling products, and let your hair air dry whenever possible.
- Join a support group: Talking to other people with psoriasis can be helpful. There are a number of online and in-person support groups available.
