Introduction
A hemangioma is a benign (non-cancerous) tumor made up of blood vessels. They are the most common type of tumor in infants and children. Hemangiomas typically appear as a red, raised area of skin. While they can occur anywhere on the body, they are most often found on the head, face, chest, or back. Most hemangiomas are not dangerous and don’t cause any problems.
Most hemangiomas appear within the first few weeks of life. They then go through a period of rapid growth, followed by a period of slow involution (shrinking). Most hemangiomas will completely disappear by the time a child is 10 years old.
Types of Hemangiomas
There are two main types of hemangiomas:
- Capillary hemangiomas: These are the most common type of hemangioma. They are made up of small, thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries. They typically appear as a flat, red stain on the skin and are often called "strawberry marks."
- Cavernous hemangiomas: These are less common than capillary hemangiomas. They are made up of larger, thicker-walled blood vessels. Cavernous hemangiomas typically appear as a raised, blue or purple mass.
Causes of Hemangiomas
The exact cause of hemangiomas is unknown. However, they are thought to be caused by an overgrowth of blood vessels. Certain factors, such as premature birth, low birth weight, and multiple births may increase the risk of developing a hemangioma.
Symptoms of Hemangiomas
Most hemangiomas do not cause any symptoms. However, some hemangiomas can cause pain, bleeding, or ulceration. Hemangiomas located in certain areas, such as the eye or airway, can cause problems with vision or breathing.
Treatment of Hemangiomas
Most hemangiomas do not require treatment. However, treatment may be necessary if a hemangioma is causing problems, such as pain, bleeding, or ulceration. Treatment options include:
- Medications: Medications, such as corticosteroids, can help to shrink the hemangioma.
- Laser therapy: Laser therapy can be used to remove the hemangioma.
- Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to remove a large or deep hemangioma.
If you are concerned about a hemangioma, see your doctor. They can diagnose the condition and recommend the best course of treatment.
